Ferranti ULA
The Ferranti uncommitted logic array (ULA) is an integrated circuit (IC) with an array of uncommitted logic gates, invented by the Ferranti Company. The logic gates contained within this IC could be connected together to perform complex Boolean logic operations, which would otherwise have to be performed by discrete ICs. This IC lowered the total chip count and thereby the final cost of the computer.
The Ferranti ULA 6C001E-6 8335 is an impressive package. I managed to find a job lot consisting of a complete set of databooks, manuals, and code, for implementing this IC to make the ZX81 ULA.